Planning for tax year end

While by no means the most exciting task, we have set out below some of the main reliefs and exemptions you should be considering.

You should, of course, obtain tax and financial advice based on your individual circumstances before taking any actions to ensure they fit into your wider financial plans.

Key reliefs

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) annual exempt amount

You can realise capital gains of £12,300 before you pay any CGT. If you have assets standing at a gain, you should consider making disposals to utilise your allowance fully. This could save you up to £3,444.

If you have already used your CGT exemption, but your spouse or civil partner has not, you could consider transferring assets to them (which can generally be done tax-free). This would allow them to use their annual exempt amount, giving further tax benefits.

It may also be worth considering a gift to your spouse if you are a higher or additional rate taxpayer, as your partner may be able to benefit from a lower rate of CGT.

Personal Allowance

Personal Allowance for 2021/22 is £12,570. If your income for the year is below this you should consider ways to increase this, making full use of the allowance. This could involve taking pension income or a dividend or bonus from a family company.

Your Personal Allowance is reduced if your income for the year exceeds £100,000. You lose £1 of Personal Allowance for every additional £2 of income which means an income tax rate of 60% can apply.

If your income for 2020/21 is likely to exceed £100,000, you should consider whether you can avoid the 60% marginal rate, for example, by making pension contributions, or charitable donations. If you expect your income to be lower in 2021/22, you may also want to consider taking dividends from companies until after 5 April. Medical businesses could consider whether it's sensible to bring any expenditure forward into the current year to keep profits lower. If considering a deferral of income, you will have to consider the impact of the increase in National Insurance Contributions next year which is discussed in our Tax and NIC article.

Dividend allowance

You can receive £2,000 of dividends tax-free each tax year. If you are a business owner, you should consider whether it is possible to declare a dividend to make full use of this.

ISA Allowances

ISAs are investment products that produce tax-free interest, dividends, and/or capital gains. You can invest up to £20,000 into an ISA each tax year.

If you haven't used your full allowance this year, make sure you top up before 5 April 2021 as your allowance doesn't roll over to the next tax year.

If you are aged 18 to 50 (you must start to contribute before you are 40), you can use up to £4,000 of your ISA allowance to contribute to a Lifetime ISA ('LISA') to help save for the deposit on a house. The Government adds a 25% bonus so you can receive up to £1,000 tax-free each year.

Parents and guardians can also save an additional £9,000 per child this tax year in a Junior ISA.

IHT annual exemption

You have an annual IHT exemption of £3,000 and can carry forward any unused amount from the previous year. Gifts within the limit are fully exempt from IHT even if you do not survive seven years. If you have not already done so, you should consider making gifts to fully utilise your exemptions for 2020/21 and 2021/22. Each year's limit could reduce your IHT bill by up to £1,200.

In our next article "It's good to gift but be aware of the traps", we delve further into gifting and the considerations you should be aware of when using this as a vehicle to pass on your wealth.

Tax-efficient investments

If you have a high-income tax or CGT liability or wish to reduce your IHT bill, you may consider investing in tax-efficient investments such as the Enterprise Investment Scheme ('EIS'), Seed EIS or Venture Capital Trusts. The amount you can invest each tax year is limited to £1m, £100k, and £200k, respectively. If you are considering making any investment, you should discuss with your advisor whether it should be made this tax year in order to fully utilise your allowance.

With such a range of allowances available to you each tax year, it is worth speaking to your tax and financial advisors to check if there is anything you should be doing before 5 April 2022 and to ensure that your affairs and investment portfolios are set up to make the best use of all your allowances. 

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