As the end of the year approaches, we’ve reached the time when European enforcers publish their recommendations for year-end financial reporting. Unsurprisingly, the key recommendations from ESMA and the AMF (the French market regulator) focus on IFRS 16 – Leases, IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments. In this issue, we review the topics highlighted by the enforcers in their published recommendations.